9 Class Economics Chapter 1 The Story of Village Palampur Notes
| Textbook | NCERT |
| Class | Class 9 |
| Subject | Economics |
| Chapter | Chapter 1 |
| Chapter Name | The Story of Village Palampur |
| Category | Class 9 Economics Notes |
| Medium | Hindi |
The story of village palampur notes, Class 9 economics chapter 1 notes In which we will learn into detail about Palampur village.
Class 9 Economics Chapter 1 The Story of Village Palampur Notes
📚 Chapter = 1 📚
💠 The Story of Village Palampur 💠
Note :- The story of the Palamupur (imaginary village) is partly based on a research study carried out by Gilbert Etienne of a village in Bulandshahr district in Western Uttar Pradesh.
❇️ Palampur :-
🔹 Palampur is a hypothetical village. Farming is the main activity in Palampur. Palampur is well- connected with neighbouring villages and towns. Many kinds of transport are visible in Palampur.
🔹 This village has about 450 families belonging to several different castes. Most of the houses have electric connections. Palampur has two primary schools and one high school. There is a primary health centre run by the government and one private dispensary.
❇️ Status of the Basic Infrastructural facilities in the Palampur :-
🔶 System of roads :- Well-connected with neighbouring villages and towns.
🔶 Means of transport :- Bullock carts, tongas, bogeys, motorcycles, jeeps, tractors and trucks.
🔶 Electricity :- Connection in most of the houses, Electricity powers all the tubewells in the fields and is used in various types of small businesses.
🔶 Schools :- Two primary schools and one high school.
🔶 Health care centre :- One government Primary Health Centre and one private Dispensary.
❇️ Farming Activities :-
- Agriculture
- Livestock
❇️ Non-farm activities :-
- Small manufacturing
- Transport services
- Shop-keeping
- Dairy
- Computer centers
❇️ Production :-
🔹 The aim of production is to produce the goods and services that people need.
❇️ Organization of Productions :-
- Land
- Labour
- Capital
- Human Capital (Knowledge and Enterprise)
🔹 There are four requirements for production (factors of production) of goods and services. These are as follows :-
🔶 Land :- The term land is used in a wider sense. It does not mean only the surface of the soil, but also includes all those natural resources which are the free gifts of nature.
🔶 Labour :- The aggregate of all physical and mental efforts by the man used in creation of goods and services.
🔶 Capital :- Capital as a man made instrument of production. Capital may be divided into fixed capital e.g. machinery, tools, railways, tractors, factories etc., and working capital like raw materials & cash money.
🔶 Human Capital (knowledge and enterprise) :- Human capital is a measure of the skills, education, capacity and attributes of labour which influence their productive capacity and earning potential.
❇️ Ground Measuring Unit :-
🔹 The standard unit of measuring land is hectare. One hectare = 10000 square meters.
🔹 In most parts of India, the units used for agriculture land measurements by farmers are Bigha, Bissa, Gattha, Guintha, Jareeb, etc.
❇️ Agriculture Crop Year In India :-
🔹 The agriculture crop year in India is from July to June. Agriculture seasons are classified into mainly three cropping seasons :-
🔶 Rainy season (Kharif) :-
- Period :- July – October
- Crops :- Jowar, bajra, rice, maize, cotton, sugarcane, tobacco, etc.
🔶 Winter season (Rabi) :-
- Period :- October- March
- Crops :- Wheat, barley, gram, mustard, pulses, potatoes, etc.
🔶 Summer season (Zaid) :-
- Period :- March – June
- Crops :- Watermelon, toris, cucumber, leafy & other vegetables and flowering.
❇️ Multiple cropping :-
🔹 Multiple cropping is the practice of growing more than one crop on a same piece of land during the crop year.
❇️ Farming :-
🔹 Farming provides essential amenities like food for the people and fodder for the animals. It also provides the main source of raw materials to the secondary sector (manufacturing industries).
❇️ Agriculture practices carried out in India from ancient period :-
🔹 Traditional farming adheres to the traditional methods of agriculture. On the other hand, modern farming experiments with the implementation of the advanced technology.
❇️ Difference Between Traditional And Modern Farming :-
🔹 The basic difference between traditional and modern farming are as follows :-
🔶 Traditional farming :-
- Use of traditional seeds in agriculture.
- Less irrigation required.
- Use of cow dung or other natural manure as fertilizers.
- Use of Traditional Plough.
- Irrigation from wells, river, rahat, pond.
🔶 Modern farming :-
- Use of high yielding HYV in agriculture.
- More irrigation required.
- Use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
- use of machines
- Irrigation through tube wells and pumping sets.
❇️ Green Revolution :-
🔹 The great increase in the production of wheat and rice in India in the 1960s is known as Green Revolution. It could happen owing to the introduction of modern farming methods in India Such as use of HYV seeds, well developed irrigation system, use of pesticides and fertilizers, using Farm machinery etc.
❇️ Positive Impacts of Green Revolution :-
- Increase of Agricultural production.
- Increase in Employment opportunities.
- Strenghtening the linkage between agriculture and Industry.
- Transformed the farmers as market oriented.
❇️ Negative Impacts of Green Revolution :-
- Loss of soil Fertility
- Depletion of water – Table
- Increase the regional diparities
- Inter-personal inequalities
❇️ land distributed between the farmers of Palampur :-
Small land are cultivated by the small farmers.
On the other hand, more than half the area of the village is covered by plots that are quite large in size.
In Palampur, there are 60 families of medium and large farmers who cultivate more than 2 hectares of land.
A few of the large farmers have land extending over 10 hectares or more.
❇️ Will the land sustain?
🔹 Land being a natural resource, it is necessary to be very careful in its use. Scientific reports indicate that the modern farming methods have overused the natural resource base. In many areas, Green Revolution is associated with loss of soil fertility due to increased use of chemical fertilizers. Also, continuous use of groundwater for tubewell irrigation has reduced the water table below the ground.
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