9 Class Economics Chapter 4 Food Security in India Notes
| Textbook | NCERT |
| Class | Class 9 |
| Subject | Economics |
| Chapter | Chapter 4 |
| Chapter Name | Food Security in India |
| Category | Class 9 Economics Notes |
| Medium | Hindi |
Food security in india class 9 notes, class 9 economics chapter 4 notes In which we will learn about food security, food security in times of disaster, seasonal hunger, self-sufficiency in food grains, food security in India, public distribution system etc.
Class 9 Economics Chapter 4 Food Security in India Notes
📚 Chapter = 4 📚
💠 Food Security in India 💠
❇️ Why Food Security?
🔹 The poorest section of the society remains food insecure all the times.
🔹 People above poverty line might also feel food insecure in times of natur calamity like earthquake, drought, flood, tsunami etc.
❇️ How calamities affect food security?
Due to natural calamities the production of crops decreases which led to food scarcity in that area.
Due to scarcity food price rises up,
at this point some disadvantaged section of society will be deprived of food,
if the calamity existed for long time it will eventually lead to starvation and famine.
it may ultimately lead to widespread death due to weakness or weak immune system.
❇️ Who are food-insecure?
People with little or no land, traditional artisans, providers of traditional services, petty self-employed workers and destitutes including beggars are the main sufferers of food and nutrition insecurity.
In urban areas people employed for low wages and in the casual labour market are major victims.
A large proportion of pregnant and nursing mothers and children under 5 years of age suffer from malnutrition and are thus, food insecure.
Economically backward states are more prone to natural disasters etc. are also affected.
Since independence, India has aimed to achieve ‘Self Sufficiency in Foodgrains’.
So the Green Revolution was the result of a strategy implemented after independence.
❇️ Dimensions of Food Security in India :-
🔶 Availability :-
- Food production within the country.
- Import
- Stock stored in government granaries.
🔶 Accessibility :-
- Food within the reach of every person.
🔶 Affordability :-
- Enough food is available for all person.
- Persons have capacity to buy food of acceptable quality.
- There is no barrier on access of food.
❇️ Food Insecure group in Urban Areas :-
- Person employed in ill-paid occupations.
- Casual labour
❇️ Food Insecurity in Social Composition :-
- Schedule Castes
- Schedule Tribes
- OBCS
- Migrants
- Female
- New born babies
❇️ Food Insecure groups in Rural Areas :-
- Traditional artisans (Weavers, potters etc.)
- Petty Self employed.
- Providers of Services (Barbers, Washer men)
- Destitude
- Small and landless farmers
❇️ Hunger :-
🔹 Hunger is an aspect of not just indicating food insecurity and poverty but also brings poverty.
🔹 The attainment of food security involves eliminating current hunger and reducing the risk of future hunger.
❇️ Hunger has chronic and seasonal dimensions :-
Poor people suffer from chronic hunger due to very low income and are food insecure all the times.
In rural areas Seasonal hunger is caused by the seasonal nature of agricultural activities.
In urban areas, seasonal hunger occurs because of the casual type of work like construction worker won’t get work during rainy season.
❇️ Need for self-sufficiency in food grains :-
- To feed rising population.
- To fight against droughts, floods, cyclone, etc.
- To reduce import of food grains.
- To control prices of food grains.
❇️ Steps Taken by Government of India for food Security :-
- Buffer Stock
- Minimum Support Price
- Issue Price
- Subsidy
- Rationing
- Public Distribution System
- Fair price shops
❇️ Buffer Stock :-
🔹 Buffer Stock is the stock of food grains (wheat and rice) procured by the government through the Food Corporation of India (FCI).
❇️ Minimum Support Price’ (MSP) :-
🔹 The FCI purchases wheat and rice for the government from the farmers of surplus states at pre-announced prices. This price is called ‘Minimum Support Price’ (MSP).
❇️ Issue Price :-
🔹 The grains stored in Buffer Stocks are distributed in deficit areas and among the poor strata of society at a price lower than the market price known as Issue Price.
❇️ Subsidy :-
🔹 Subsidy is a payment that a government makes to a producer to supplement the market price of a commodity . It keeps consumer prices low while maintain a higher income for producers.
❇️ Rationing :-
🔹 Rationing in India dates back to 1940’s against the backdrop of Bengal famine , but was revived in the wake of acute food shortage during 1960’s before Green Revolution .
❇️ The Role of Cooperative in Food Security :-
The cooperative societies set up shops to sell low priced goods to poor people.
In Delhi, Mother Dairy is making strides in providing of milk and vegetables to the consumers at controlled rate decided by Government of Delhi.
Amul is another success story of cooperative in milk and milk Products from Gujarat. It has brought the White Revolution in country.
In Maharashtra, Academy of Developmental Science (ADS) has facilitated a network of NGOS for setting up grain banks in different regions.
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